Monday, December 30, 2019
The Emotional And Behavioral Effects Of Bullying - 946 Words
I. Speech Overview: A. General Goal: To persuade - to create, change or reinforce attitudes, values, beliefs and/or behaviors. B. Specific Goal: By the end of my speech, my audience will understand the emotional and behavioral effects of bullying. And the damaging consequences that follow. Including strategies to help cope and preventative measures. II. Introduction: (This is where you start talking) A. Attention Grabber: Have you ever been told youââ¬â¢re too fat or ugly. How about you talk or look funny. Have people spread lies or rumors about you. Maybe pushed or even tripped. All these things are a different forms of bullying. B. Relevance Statement: The National Center for Education Statistics states 1 out of every 4 students is being bullied. And bullied victims are 7 to 9 times more likely to consider committing suicide and 36 percent keep quiet about being bullied. The victims can be your sibling, cousin, or your neighbor. C. Credibility Statement: I have spent the last three days researching the effects and the many forms of bulling. But having been at the receiving end for only speaking Spanish in my younger years and for wearing hand me downs. I can honestly say it leaves a lasting scar of emotional anguish and at times insecurities. D. Propositional Statement: Because bullying is a never ending problem, and now with new technology itââ¬â¢s given birth to a new form of cyber bullying the problem has just increased and keep increasing. This is why I propose that youShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Peer Relationships On Behavioral And Social Development Essay1559 Words à |à 7 PagesThe Effects of Peer Relationships on Behavioral and Social Development In the stage of early adolescent development, emotional and behavioral development is affected by a variety of experiences. A major aspect of adolescence is the influence of peer relationships. As a child grows older the effect of peer relationships becomes much greater. Peer relationships can consist of various aspects included being involved in bullying, involvement with problematic friends, and supportive peer relationshipsRead MoreStress And Its Effects On Stress1674 Words à |à 7 Pageslong list of side effects to be aware of. Emotional and psychological abuse is stress and it is very much chronic in nature. There is much talk about physical abuse in the news and media. Kids being beat by their parents and family members and other students. Physical abuse has usually been associated with bullying in schools where actual physical contact is being made. But, more recently there has been awareness to emotional bullying and abuse. Celebrities running anti-bullying campaigns and writingRead MoreThe Common Types Of Bullying1732 Words à |à 7 PagesBullying involves repeated acts of anger and violent behavior. A child who grows into this infamous term known as a ââ¬Å"bullyâ⬠, result into preying on and threatening a victim who is weaker physically, mentally and emotionally. There are four common types of bullying. It is important for parents to understand which type of bullying is concerning their child so they can understand what is happening to them and what actions should be taken to help their child. The first type of bullying is physical bullyingRead MoreThe Common Types Of Bully ing864 Words à |à 4 Pagestoday. Bullying is a big problem, mainly in kids and teens. Bullies need to learn to ââ¬Å"love one anotherââ¬â¢, and for the bully not put all their anger on another because of certain situation are not going right. This issue is stressing our society and possibly reshaping our future. There are four common types of bullying. All these types can be spotted in many different places and ways. According to ERASEBULLYING.com, the types of bullying are physical, verbal, social and emotional, and cyberRead MoreThe Relationship Between Bullying And Suicide Essay1308 Words à |à 6 Pagesinto place to prevent bullying it would hold the bullier more accountable for his/her actions. The relationship between bullying and suicide is complex. Many media reports oversimplify this relationship, insinuating or directly stating that bullying can cause suicide. The facts tell a different story. In particular, it is not accurate and potentially dangerous to present bullying as the ââ¬Å"causeâ⬠or ââ¬Å"reasonâ⬠for a suicide, or to suggest that suicide is a natural response to bullying. We recommend mediaRead MoreAbstract Bullying1358 Words à |à 6 PagesAbstract Bullying is a social and psychological issue among animals and humans that emerges in an emotional, verbal, or physical form. Although the issue of bullying among humans has existed for quite some time, recent research of the issue has grown significantly and indicates that bullying takes many forms and effects individuals or groups of different ages, genders, races, geographic locations, and socio-economic status. There are many causes of bullying and the goal of the analysis is to Read MorePeer Victimization And Academic Performance1550 Words à |à 7 Pagesquality of education academically, socially, and emotionally. Peer victimization has complex problems with low self-esteem, bullying, aggressive behaviors, internalization, and externalization problems. These peers blame themselves for not having the cognitive thinking skills and low academic performances, based on Basic Skills testing and other assessments. Signs of bullying other students can indicate depression, acting out , and easily distracted. Studies between boys and girls test the cognitiveRead MoreA Theory That Correlates Ecological Systems And Child Development1369 Words à |à 6 PagesAn emotional disorder is a mental illness in which ordinary feelings and emotions become severe, unpredictable, and uncontrollable. These disorders include Anxiety (General Anxiety Disorder, Social Anxiety, Panic Disorder, Phobias), Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, Depression, Eating Disorders (Anorexia, Bulimia), Bipolar Disorder, and Impulse-Control Disorder. Symptoms of disorders such as these can occur in anybody at any age, and diagnosis has reached an all-time high, especially for younger childrenRead MoreBullying Victimization And Its Effects1469 Words à |à 6 PagesINTRODUCTION The definition of bullying victimization is most often attributed to Daniel Olweus; who defined bullying victimization as an act in which a person is exposed to negative actions that are intended to inflict physical, mental or emotional distress (Olweus, 1994). One of the most significant consequences of bullying victimization is the observation that it occurs most often in repeated cycles that can affect the long-term emotional stability of the victim (Nansel, Overpeck, Haynie, RuanRead MoreTeenage Suicide On The Rise Essay1521 Words à |à 7 Pagessolution than to end their life. It is estimated that, 42% of LGBT of youth have experienced bullying, and they are two to three times more likely to attempt suicide than other teens (BullyingStatistics.org, 2016). Itââ¬â¢s very hard in this day and age to be young, and let alone to be young and identify as lesbian, gay, bi or transgender. In Los Angeles County, researchers estimate that 70.6% of teens have seen bullying occur in their schools, and 30% admit to doing it themselves (Juvonen, 2012). Whereas
Sunday, December 22, 2019
Language and the Destiny of Man - 12402 Words
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žtefan Afloroaei / Descartes and the ââ¬Å"metaphysical dualismâ⬠Descartes and the ââ¬Å"metaphysical dualismâ⬠: Excesses in interpreting a classic* Al.I. Cuza University of Iasi Abstract The article focuses on one of the most serious accusations brought against Descartes and modern philosophy, namely ââ¬Å"the dualism of substanceâ⬠. The accusers claim that the human body and soul were viewed as completely separate; consequently, their relationship as such and the united being of man become incomprehensible. As has been shown above, the idea of the separation of the soul from the body did not originate with Descartes; it was formulated much earlier, and repeated by a disciple of Descartesââ¬â¢, Henry Leroy, known as Regius. When Descartes became aware ofâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦I will attempt to discuss below how a famous locus obscurus, ââ¬Å"the Cartesian dualismâ⬠, emerged and has remained prominent to this day. It can only be properly understood, I believe, in connection with the emergence in the modern world of certain modes of intersubjective life, such as communication in the scholarly and academic environments. To this end, I wil l call attention to one the most serious accusations levelled at Descartes and the entire modern philosophy, i.e. ââ¬Å"the dualism 106 Ã
žtefan Afloroaei / Descartes and the ââ¬Å"metaphysical dualismâ⬠of substancesâ⬠: the human body and soul have been understood as being two completely separate substances. Consequently, both the relationship between them and manââ¬â¢s lived presence would have become totally incomprehensible. It was claimed that this dualism of substances was the unmistakable symptom of metaphysical thought, which would possibly mean that the very presence of metaphysics is indicative of a serious case of misapprehension or deviation1. However, the very idea of ââ¬Å"Cartesian dualismâ⬠may be viewed as a locus obscurus in the philosophical thought. It is an obscure place not only because it has been inadequately examined or debated. Rather because recent history has accepted it completely as the symbolic thesis of a whole tradition of thought. Therefore, it is not surprising to find referencesShow MoreRelatedWilliam Shakespeare s Macbeth And Henry Iv928 Words à |à 4 Pagesare wrought with the notion of destiny. The journeys that Macbeth and Hal u ndertake throughout these plays are contrastingly different and each play takes on a different perspective of destiny. In Macbeth destiny is attempted to be controlled by Macbeth himself whereas Hal has a destiny that he was born into, a destiny to be king. Both are portrayed differently in different spheres of their society this will be explored further in the examples below. Firstly, language is the first indication of differencesRead MoreThe Alchemist by Paulo Coelho1168 Words à |à 5 Pagesââ¬Å"The Alchemistâ⬠was originally written in Portuguese by a famous Brazilian author Paulo Coelho. The bookââ¬â¢s original title is ââ¬Å"O Alqumistiaâ⬠. The book was first published in 1988 which is since then been translated into 56 different languages and is one of the bestselling books of the history. This translation of the book was written by Alan R. Clarke and was first published by Harper Collins Publishers in 1993. The genres of the book are fiction, fantasy, psychology, drama. The writer followingRead MoreThe Gods Script Short Story1585 Words à |à 7 Pagesrepresenting the structure of knowledge through a dream of Tzinacà ¡n, the central character, and the narrative presence of the jaguar. Borges wrote the short story to describe Tzinacà ¡nââ¬â¢s dream of the ââ¬Å"godââ¬â¢s script,â⬠a language that would help him fulfill his destiny while he is imprisoned: his destiny is to be able to die in peace. Tzinacà ¡n is a magician of the pyramid of Qaholom. He can survive torture in silence; he will never lose hope. In this short story, Borges is trying to say the dreams reveal knowledgeRead MoreThe Sword Of Destiny Character Analysis1585 Words à |à 7 Pagesââ¬Å"The Sword of Destinyâ⬠by Andrej Sapkowski is a fantasy book about a monster hunter a.k.a. ââ¬Å"Witcherâ⬠, which pursuits the love of his life, a sorceress. Seen as a monster and an abomination of nature, Geralt, ââ¬Å"the Witcherâ⬠, deals in the same time with hi s destiny confrontation, and with racism. Even if the book uses a fantasy setting the theme of racism deals with real life problems, like the perception of the mases on minorities. On the other hand, ââ¬Å"To Kill a Mocking Birdâ⬠by Harper Lee takes a moreRead More The Role of Dreams in Cormac McCarthyââ¬â¢s All the Pretty Horses1671 Words à |à 7 Pageslifestyle. Through out the novel there is a constant tension between John Grady destiny or fate and the nature of his dreams. Dreams keep the dreamer from reality and because they are unreal, they paralyze the dreamerââ¬â¢s reality. Nonetheless, they motivate his journey through Mexico. The different roles that his dreams play depict the different characters that John Grady assumes: the Texas teenager, the lover, the prisoner and the man. John Gradyââ¬â¢s dreams are as complex as his character. Without ambitionRead MoreOedipus The King, A Tragic Hero Story Of Fate1495 Words à |à 6 Pagesone not having control of his own destiny. As a result, ââ¬Å"Oedipus the Kingâ⬠is the epitome of Aristotle definition of a tragic hero due to his superiority and high character, in spite of his flaws and outcomes. Aristotleââ¬â¢s definition of a tragic hero can definitely fit the character of ââ¬Å"Oedipus the King.â⬠The important thing for consideration is the tragic hero and the tragic situation. The proper tragic hero is defined by Aristotle as: There remains then the man who occupies the mean between saintlinessRead MoreNative Americans During Westward Expansion Essay1592 Words à |à 7 Pagestime of the expansion of the United States to the present, the Native Americans went through many things so that the United States could expand; they were pushed onto reservations, and forced to give up their culture through the Ideas of Manifest Destiny and Social Darwinism. Despite that, the United States government told the Indians that they would not invade their lands. They soon heard that the Indians had fertile land and decided to allow settlers to move west. ââ¬Å"After hearing tales of fertileRead MoreReflection Paper1322 Words à |à 6 Pagescannot know whether it is possible to say both of these at the same time. ââ¬Å"Language is the house of Being.â⬠This saying means that we view the language more as a tool, something always there for us to use. We tend to take advantage of the situation and think that we do not have to think through our problem. We live in our language and we live our lives determined by the langue. We think so far as we bring being to language. Heidegger strongly believes that we put action above thinking because we tendRead MoreThe, And, Bless Me Ultima1282 Words à |à 6 PagesAntonio. La Ultima was more than a friend she was like her mentor Antonio had brotherââ¬â¢s fighting at war. While Richard was growing up he was never treated like a kid, his father always saw him like a grown man. His father was a person who wanted all his commands to be done as he pleased. He is also a man who dreams about returning to Mexico he does not find himself in the place where he is living. I could also relate to this, my father always tells us that he dreams about returning to Mexico. RichardRead MoreRosencrantz and Guildenstern are Dead versus Hamlet Essay1101 Words à |à 5 Pagesattitudes of the 1960s- a time significantly different to that of Shakespeare. He relies on the audienceââ¬â¢s already established knowledge of Hamlet and transforms a revenge tragedy into an Absurd drama, which shifts the focus from royalty to common man. Within Rosencrantz and Guildenstern are Dead, Stoppard uses a play within a play to blur the line that defines reality, and in doing so creates confusion both onstage- with his characters, and offstage- with the audience. Using these techniques , Stoppard
Saturday, December 14, 2019
The Contrast Between Shakespeareââ¬â¢s Macbeth and Roman Polanskiââ¬â¢s Macbeth Free Essays
The Contrast between Shakespeareââ¬â¢s Macbeth and Roman Polanskiââ¬â¢s Macbeth Shakespeareââ¬â¢s play Macbeth is a tragedy that plots the fall and death of once a great man, revealing how ambition can lead to downfall. Many directors and producers have tried to portray his play into modern films but Roman Polanski produced the most successful Macbeth film, but Roman Polanskiââ¬â¢s movie Macbeth changes many details that the viewer is unable to fully experience the catharsis. Tragedy is built on the idea that the audience can sympathize with the tragic hero and therefore experience a strong emotional response at the ending. We will write a custom essay sample on The Contrast Between Shakespeareââ¬â¢s Macbeth and Roman Polanskiââ¬â¢s Macbeth or any similar topic only for you Order Now They both were based on the same plot however Polanskiââ¬â¢s Macbeth is not a proper tragedy when compared to Shakespeareââ¬â¢s Macbeth because of the difference in the relationship between Donnalbain and his brother Malcolm, the focus of death and violence, and lastly the key modifications that are seen through the different approaches of the characteristics and acts of Macbeth and Lady Macbeth. During Roman Polanskiââ¬â¢s film it is noticed that Donnalbain envies his brother Malcolm, thus creating more mysteries and suspense. Their relationship was so similar in the play however in the film it seems as if Donnalbain does not like his brother because during the time when King Duncan was alive, Malcolm was given the title as the Prince of Cumberland and Donnalbain received no title or land from their father. After Malcolm was crowned, it appeared as Donnalbain was jealous and upset because of the way Donnalbain expresses his facial appearance and his attitude towards Malcolm. Yet, in the play after the death of King Duncan, Donnalbain fled to Ireland and did not return through the whole play. Another aspect that in the film which was so different was the ending of the film. In the play, Malcolm stated a famous speech to end the play, ââ¬Å"Whatââ¬â¢s more to do, which would be planted newly with the time, as calling home our exiled friends abroad that fled the snares of watchful tyranny, producing forth the cruel ministers of this dead butcher and his fiendlike queenâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ (V. iii. 66-71). This speech was the statement that represented that Malcolm has brought Scotland back on its feet and on the right track, which portrayed the end of Macbeth Era and his evil deeds. This was the ending of the play but however in the film Roman Polanski added a twist in the film that would bring the cycle of bloodshed back into Scotland when it illustrated that Donnalbain has returned from exile and he stumbled into the witches on the way. This foreshadowed that the deeds Macbeth did to become king will arise again but this time Donnalbain will be behind it all. In the film, the deaths and the violence are shown in a way with more information than what the play describes and it vaguely changes the plots with the showing of these deaths. There were many deaths in the films that were not in the play, but that caught many viewerââ¬â¢s eyes was an onset death that was not portrayed in the film. Roman Polanski depicted the murder of King Duncan outstandingly because the audience never had the feel of how King Duncan was actually killed since it was an offset scene in the play. Also because of the blood and gore, and how it seemed as if Macbeth was actually being pleased by stabbing the King all over his body. However, in the play King Duncanââ¬â¢s death was an offset because Shakespeare could not have done it because King James, who was the king at that time, would not have liked a king being killed on stage. Nevertheless, in the play King Duncanââ¬â¢s death was different from the film simply because it was an offset scene and was not portrayed at all. In the play, Macbeth is depicted in such a way that the audience can sympathize for the tragic hero, however in the film he was portrayed more as villain rather than a tragic hero. In Roman Polanskiââ¬â¢s version of Macbeth, Lady Macbeth is known to the audience as a sweet respectful woman and more of a tragic character because it did not reveal the part where she wants to abandon her womanhood as it does in the play. She is depicted as courteous woman because of her tone and how she deals with Macbeth such as kissing him when he returns from battle, respecting some of his demands, and not threatening him to do something of her wish. In addition, since she committed suicide in the film by jumping off the balcony or stairs. However, in the play itââ¬â¢s the other way around. Macbeth is known as the politer and subtle human being of the couple and Lady Macbeth is described as a rogue because of her undertakings that are very unusual of a woman. She states, ââ¬Å"Does unmake you. I have given suck, and know how tender ââ¬â¢tis to love the babe that milks me. I would, while it was smiling in my face, have plucked my nipple from his boneless gums and dashed the brains out, had I so sworn as you have done to thisâ⬠(I. vii. 55-60) to her husband, Macbeth. This is in the play when Lady Macbeth emotionally blackmails Macbeth to killing Duncan and manipulates and takes advantage of Macbeth and tells him heââ¬â¢s a coward if he doesnââ¬â¢t kill King Duncan, which was not illustrated in the film at all. This reveals how different the film represented Macbeth than the play. Through Lady Macbeths great persuasion he did not express much remorse and repentance after murdering King Duncan and Banquo in the film, this was indicated thought Macbethââ¬â¢s expressions throughout the film since it seemed as if he totally forgotten about what he had done for all the wealth, power and kingship. On the contrary, throughout the play it seemed as if Macbeth was always repenting his crimes worrying about the consequences that he will face if anyone found out the deeds he committed. This gives complete awareness to the audience that in the film Macbeth does not deserve to be executed however after reading the book it clearly gives the audience an insight of the real culprit, Lady Macbeth, since it was her evil deeds, in addition to her pushing Macbeth to extreme limits to where he did not want to go in the first place. To conclude, tragedy is built on the idea that the audience can sympathize with the tragic hero and therefore experience a strong emotional response at the ending. Roman Polanskiââ¬â¢s film did not portray a proper tragedy because in the film, Donnalbain and his brother Malcolm had more of jealousy relationship compared to their relationship in the play, the focus of death was so different in the film as well because in the play Duncanââ¬â¢s Murder was an offset scene rather than an onset scene which was illustrated in the movie thus creating more violence and cruelty in the film, and lastly the difference in the characteristics of Macbeth and Lady Macbeth in the film and play. Therefore, this reveals that Roman Polanski did have prevailing film version on Macbeth but not a proper tragedy to grasp the genre of Shakespeareââ¬â¢s version of the play. How to cite The Contrast Between Shakespeareââ¬â¢s Macbeth and Roman Polanskiââ¬â¢s Macbeth, Papers
Thursday, December 5, 2019
Importance of Evidence Based Nursing Practices-Samples for Students
Question: How does evidence based practice improve patient outcomes? How is evidence based practice applied theoretically and clinically? Answer: Introduction Healthcare and medical facilities around the world carry out research in order to provide the best possible care to their patients. New research not only adds new knowledge to the existing literatures on health care but also helps to provide state of the art medical facilities for the patients. The objective behind these research works is to help the doctors and the nurses to provide suitable and effective treatment to the patients (Bowling, 2014). In the recent times, nurses not only provide care using the best techniques, but also adapt other innovative techniques supported by substantial research. One such technique is Evidence Based Practice (EBP). The objective of EBP is to implement the current research in providing the best care and treatments to the patients (Stevens, 2013). The purpose of this position statement is to describe the importance of evidence based nursing practices and how these practices affect patient outcomes. It also describes its application in theoretical and clinical practice. It also provides the complexities or limitations associated with these practices. Discussion EBP is a nursing technique that is gaining popularity at a rapid rate due to its ability to provide better clinical care and overcome patient issues effectively. EBP marks the transition from traditional nursing techniques to more advanced techniques backed by significant research. EBP not only improves the level of patient care but also helps the nurses in making effective decisions during patient care. Context and Assumptions The emergence of EBP dates back to the 1990s when there was a development of evidence-based medicine. The main points that describe the reasons behind the emergence of EBPs are: (1) A gap between research and practice, (2) Poor quality of several research works, (3) Overload of Information and (4) Non-evidence based practices. A gap between research and practice A significant gap between up to date research and nursing practices led to the development of EBP in nursing. Previously nursing practices were based on knowledge from textbooks read during trainings, knowledge from seniors, from previous experiences and commonly utilized practices (Tabak et al., 2012). Poor quality of several research works Many research works are based on poor evidence and do not meet the gold standards of control trials. They are not applicable for implementation in nursing practices. Overload of Information A large number of researches create confusion among practitioners because of their inability to distinguish between reliable and not so reliable research works. Non-evidence based practices Implementations of practices not backed by proper evidences are harmful for patients and are mostly ineffective as well. According to the Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australia (NMBA), EBP enables the nurses to access and analyze various researches for providing modern, effective and quality care to the patients (Schneider Whitehead, 2013). EBP provides them with thorough knowledge about the modern practices. It also helps them to carry out nursing interventions that comply with gold standards, regulations and guidelines. It helps them in making quick decisions, which are accurate, and helps them in planning the course of the interventions for the patient. Researches were carried out to determine the patient outcomes of standard nursing practices and evidence based nursing practices. Such research revealed that patients treated by EBP doctors had a reduced mortality rate compared to those treated by doctors following standard practices. The length of the patients stay in the hospital subjected to EBP was also reduced compared to those subjected to standard practices. The performance of the EBP docto rs also increased compared to the doctors following standard practices. EBP doctors also attended their patients twice as many times compared to the standard practice following doctors (Emparanza, Cabello Burls, 2015). Implementation science has paved the way for the development of EBP. Various models, theories and frameworks are present in implementation science that enables better selection of approaches, interventions and their application in research as well as practices in order to merge the gap between them (Nilsen, 2015). The theory-based approaches in evidence/intervention based nursing practices have three basic aims. These aims are categorized under (1) process models that describe the process of translating current research works into practices, (2) determinant frameworks/classic theories/implementation theories that describes or predicts the outcomes associated with EBP and (3) evaluation frameworks helps to evaluate the EBP for determination of its success. Theories are usually based on facts or research, while assumptions are based on common sense or beliefs. Therefore, theories can be easily questioned and can be abandoned if the facts are not right. However, assumptions are not base d on facts and as a result, it is difficult to question, thereby leading to the use of practices which do not guarantee any proven results. Clinical application of EBP depends on the skills of the individual (doctor or nurses) and their patient collaborations. However, clinical application of EBP is highly complex because the patients are different from the working models (during testing) described in the literature. Clinical application of EBP requires the use of the PICO model. PICO Model The PICO model describes the clinical situation based on patient specificity, intervention effectiveness, comparative treatments and the outcomes (Rice, 2013). Patient Specificity It determines the clinical condition of the patient and whether, this condition is same or different to the condition described in the literature. It also determines whether the characteristics of a particular population described in the literature same as the one where the intervention is to be applied. Intervention effectiveness It determines the principle of application of the intervention and the risks or benefits associated with the interventions. Comparative treatments It compares between treatment interventions to understand which treatment shows better outcomes and poses less risk for the patients. Outcomes It determines the satisfaction level of the patients, clinical practitioners or nurses. EBP and its associated limitations Evidence based nursing practices is the integration of research, clinical nursing expertise and patient characteristics to carry out prompt decisions and proper interventions (Duphily, 2016). It is backed by relevant informations, which is not the case for traditional nursing practices based on experience and common sense. All nurses have a role to play in the research and subsequent development of practices. The contributors of evidence based nursing practices are qualitative and quantitative research protocols, study designs, case studies, among others. All research works necessitates the requirement to meet international standards and ethical guidelines. There are various limitations associated with the use of evidence based nursing practices. EBP helps to replace usual practices with practices backed by considerable research using randomized control trials (RCTs). In RCTs, there are groups of patients who do exceedingly well compared to the others. As a result, there is always the risk of uncertainties in EBP. Another limitation of EBP is based on the RCT interpretations. The interpretations depend on the apparent willingness of the practitioners to consider or dismiss the event importance as well as the complexity associated with the patients (Doig et al., 2013). Researchers have criticized EBP because it excludes the importance of experience, intuition, reasoning and authority in practical decision making. Certain medical or nursing practices either do not have any research backing or have very limited support from research works. In order to garner subsequent evidence for the practices, nurses or practitioners have to carry out a lot of research, which requires excellent medical skills. Moreover, this would result in loss of valuable time and resources (Mohsen, Safaan Okby, 2016). Thus, in general, the guidelines provided in EBP lacks the ability to represent true complexities associated with medical interventions. It also limits the ability of the practitioner to carry out prompt decisions thereby hindering favorable patient outcomes. Moreover, it also lacks evidence concerned with health addressing of culturally diverse populations (Kirmayer, 2012). However, due to the financial expenses associated with large numbers of RCTs, the reprodu cibility/validity of the research works are questionable. According to some researchers, evidence based nursing practices are too narrow as they only rely on technology and research. It cannot discriminate between patients who really need interventions and those who do not; and on the contrary can be treated by proper diets and medications. Some researchers have also criticized EBP, as it could not clarify the assumptions associated with the research frameworks, thereby causing problems in selecting the correct evidences supporting the interventions. Moreover, outcome based nursing practices fail to respect the privacy of the patient. Moreover, in order to understand the success of the interventions on human subjects, they depend on a large number of aggregate data involving a large number of patients (Ammouri et al., 2014). It does not consider the fact that certain human beings are more complex than the others, and as a result require a different medical intervention than the one studied. EBP does not give importance to interpretations of the scientific interventions, such as determining the experiences of the patients. Nurses, who follow the EBP guidelines, should also consider and respect the patient preferences associated with the medical interventions. Conclusion Evidence based nursing practices tries to merge the gap between current research and nursing practices. As a result, it helps to introduce new interventions in clinical nursing practices. This helps to provide safe and effective treatments for patients, thereby increasing the favorable patient outcomes. It also enables the nurses or practitioners to take prompt decisions based on their skills and knowledge; thereby providing timely treatment to patients. However, there are certain limitations associated with EBP in nursing. These include the lack of sufficient research data supporting certain nursing interventions; thereby limiting the usage of certain modern techniques. Moreover, EBP requires skilled practitioners to carry out the clinical interventions, which necessitates the increase in financial expenses. Keeping in mind the above facts it can be concluded that EBP helps to provide state of the art interventions for patient treatments using modern technologies that meet internati onal standards of quality and human ethics Reference List Ammouri, A. A., Raddaha, A. A., Dsouza, P., Geethakrishnan, R., Noronha, J. A., Obeidat, A. A., Shakman, L. (2014). Evidence-based practice: Knowledge, attitudes, practice and perceived barriers among nurses in Oman.Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal,14(4), e537. Bowling, A. (2014).Research methods in health: investigating health and health services. McGraw-Hill Education (UK). Doig, G. S., Simpson, F., Sweetman, E. A., Finfer, S. R., Cooper, D. J., Heighes, P. T., Peake, S. (2013). Early parenteral nutrition in critically ill patients with short-term relative contraindications to early enteral nutrition: a randomized controlled trial.Jama,309(20), 2130-2138. Duphily, N. (2016). Linking evidence to practice: A clinical practice guideline project.NursingPlus Open,2, 26-34. Emparanza, J. I., Cabello, J. B., Burls, A. J. (2015). Does evidence?based practice improve patient outcomes? An analysis of a natural experiment in a Spanish hospital.Journal of evaluation in clinical practice,21(6), 1059-1065. Kirmayer, L. J. (2012). Cultural competence and evidence-based practice in mental health: Epistemic communities and the politics of pluralism.Social science medicine,75(2), 249-256. Mohsen, M. M., Safaan, N. A., Okby, O. M. (2016). Nurses perceptions and barriers for adoption of evidence based practice in primary care: Bridging the gap.American Journal of Nursing Research,4(2), 25-33. Nilsen, P. (2015). Making sense of implementation theories, models and frameworks.Implementation Science,10(1), 53. Rice, M. J. (2013). Evidence-based practice: a model for clinical application.Journal of the American Psychiatric Nurses Association,19(4), 217-221. Schneider, Z., Whitehead, D. (2013).Nursing and midwifery research: methods and appraisal for evidence-based practice. Elsevier Australia. Stevens, K. (2013). The impact of evidence-based practice in nursing and the next big ideas.OJIN: The Online Journal of Issues in Nursing,18(2), 1-13. Tabak, R. G., Khoong, E. C., Chambers, D. A., Brownson, R. C. (2012). Bridging research and practice: models for dissemination and implementation research.American journal of preventive medicine,43(3), 337-350.
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